Acoustic damping system for a combustor of a gas turbine engine

ABSTRACT

An acoustically dampened gas turbine engine (10) having a gas turbine engine combustor (12) with an acoustic damping resonator system (10) is disclosed. The acoustic damping resonator system (10) may be formed from one or more resonators (16) formed from a resonator housing (18) positioned within the gas turbine engine combustor (12) at an outer housing (20) forming a combustor basket (22) and extending circumferentially within the combustor (12). In at least one embodiment, the resonator housing (18) may include one or more resonator chambers (24) that provide enhanced cooling with reduced risk of cracking and other damage. The resonator housing (18) may include resonator exhaust orifices (26) that are positioned closer to an area of maximum temperature within the combustor (12), thereby enabling the resonator (16) to reduce the temperature gradient within the combustor (12). The resonator housing (18) may be sized and configured to reduce stress found in conventional systems by increasing distances between resonator exhaust orifices (26) and between resonator inlet impingement orifices (30), among others.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates in general to gas turbine engines and,more particularly, to acoustic damping systems for damping dynamics incombustors in gas turbine engines.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Gas turbine engines typically include a plurality of combustor basketspositioned downstream from a compressor and upstream from a turbineassembly. During operation, longitudinal mode dynamics often occurs inthe combustor baskets. The longitudinal mode dynamics usually originatesat the inlet of the air flow path in a combustor basket and travelsdownstream to the turbine inlet. The dynamics restrict the tuningflexibility of the gas turbine engine in order to operate at loweremissions, which is an ever increasing requirement for newer gasturbines.

Resonators have been incorporated into combustors to damp thelongitudinal mode dynamics. The resonators have been sized andconfigured to address specific acoustic tunes. Resonators with variousconfigurations have been employed. Typically, the resonators arepositioned within the combustors in the area of highest heat release tobe most effective. It is in this position where the resonators areexposed to significant temperatures and thermal gradients. Earlyconfigurations including welding resonators directly to the combustor,but often failed due to formation of cracks caused by residual stress,leading to high repair costs. Other solutions have been used withlimited success because of cracking and significant repair costs. Thus,a need exists for a more efficient, less costly solution to damplongitudinal mode dynamics.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An acoustically dampened gas turbine engine having a gas turbine enginecombustor with an acoustic damping resonator system is disclosed. Theacoustic damping resonator system may be formed from one or moreresonators formed from a resonator housing positioned within the gasturbine engine combustor at an outer housing forming a combustor basketand extending circumferentially within the combustor. In at least oneembodiment, the resonator housing may include one or more resonatorchambers that provide enhanced cooling with reduced risk of cracking andother damage. The resonator housing may include resonator exhaustorifices that are positioned closer to an area of maximum temperaturewithin the combustor, thereby enabling the resonator to reduce thetemperature gradient within the combustor. The resonator housing may besized and configured to reduce stress found in conventional systems byincreasing distances between resonator exhaust orifices and betweenresonator inlet impingement orifices, among others.

In at least one embodiment, the acoustic damping resonator system for acombustor of a turbine engine may include one or more resonator housingsdefining one or more inner channels with an inner surface and an outersurface on an opposite side of the resonator housing from the innersurface. The acoustic damping resonator system may include one or moreresonator chambers extending radially outward from the resonatorhousing. The resonator chamber may include one or more resonator inletimpingement orifices in an outer wall of the resonator chamber and oneor more resonator exhaust orifices extending through the resonatorhousing. The resonator exhaust orifice extending through the resonatorhousing may be offset axially upstream to place the resonator exhaustorifice closer to an area of maximum temperature within the combustor.

The resonator exhaust orifice may include a plurality of resonatorexhaust orifices that are positioned closer to an upstream wall of theresonator chamber than a downstream wall of the resonator chamber. Theplurality of resonator exhaust orifices may be separated from each othera distance equal to at least one and one half times a diameter of asmallest diameter of the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices. Inanother embodiment, the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices may beseparated from each other a distance equal to at least two times adiameter of a smallest diameter of the plurality of resonator exhaustorifices. The plurality of resonator exhaust orifices may be collectedinto a pattern of an inverted triangle with a point of the trianglepointed downstream. In another embodiment, the plurality of resonatorexhaust orifices are collected into a pattern of a rectangle.

The resonator inlet impingement orifice may include a plurality ofresonator inlet impingement orifices that are offset from the pluralityof resonator exhaust orifices such that one or more of the plurality ofresonator inlet impingement orifices are radially aligned with theresonator housing in which the plurality of resonator exhaust orificesare positioned such that cooling fluids flowing into the resonatorchamber impinge on the resonator housing. The plurality of resonatorinlet impingement orifices may form half as many rows as rows formed bythe plurality of resonator exhaust orifices. The rows formed by theplurality of resonator inlet impingement orifices may extendcircumferentially and may be aligned radially between rows of theplurality of resonator exhaust orifices beginning with a first upstreamrow of resonator exhaust orifices and moving downstream. The pluralityof resonator inlet impingement orifices may form a first row that hasone fewer orifices than a first row of resonator exhaust orifices. Theplurality of resonator inlet impingement orifices may form a second rowdownstream from the first row of resonator inlet impingement orifices,whereby the second row of resonator inlet impingement orifices may havetwo fewer orifices than a second row of resonator exhaust orifices. Thesecond row of inlet impingement orifices may skip a position in a middleof the second row of resonator exhaust orifices.

The plurality of inlet impingement orifices may be separated from eachother a distance equal to at least one and one half times a diameter ofa smallest diameter of the plurality of inlet impingement orifices. Theplurality of inlet impingement orifices may be separated from each othera distance equal to at least two times a diameter of a smallest diameterof the plurality of inlet impingement orifices. A ratio of distancebetween the outer wall of the resonator chamber and the resonatorhousing and a diameter of the resonator inlet impingement orifice may bebetween about seven and about four. The outer wall may be sized inthickness such that a ratio of a length of the at least one resonatorinlet impingement orifice extending radially inward to a diameter of theat least one resonator inlet impingement orifice is greater than one. Inanother embodiment, an acoustic damping resonator system for a combustorof a turbine engine may include one or more resonator housings definingat least one inner channel with an inner surface and an outer surface onan opposite side of the resonator housing from the inner surface. The anacoustic damping resonator system may include one or more resonatorchambers extending radially outward from the resonator housing, wherebythe resonator chamber includes at least one resonator inlet impingementorifice in an outer wall of the resonator chamber and resonator exhaustorifice extending through the resonator housing.

The acoustic damping resonator system may include a ratio of distancebetween the outer wall of the resonator chamber and the resonatorhousing to a diameter of the resonator inlet impingement orifice betweenabout seven and about four. As such, the footprint of the resonatorchamber is expanded. A maximum internal resonator dimension extendinglinearly within the at least one resonator chamber may be increased lessthan 12 percent while a footprint of the resonator chamber has beenenlarged by between 40 percent and 100 percent relative to a resonatorchamber having a ratio of greater than eight of a distance between theouter wall of a resonator chamber and a resonator housing to a diameterof a resonator inlet impingement orifice.

The acoustic damping resonator system may include resonator chambershaving numerous different shapes configured to prevent a maximuminternal resonator dimension extending linearly within the resonatorchamber from being enlarged beyond a point at which the resonatorchamber has a target cutoff frequency that is greater than an actualdamping frequency. In at least one embodiment, a cross-sectional shapeof outer sidewalls forming the resonator chamber forms a modifiedparallelogram in which a longest diagonal direction has been reduced viatruncated intersections. The truncated intersections of the modifiedparallelogram may be formed with a first corner side at a firstintersection and a second corner side at a second intersection, wherebythe first corner side may extend between first and second sidewallsforming the modified parallelogram and wherein the second corner sidemay extend between third and fourth sidewalls forming the modifiedparallelogram. In another embodiment, a cross-sectional shape of outersidewalls forming the resonator chamber may form a modified triangle inwhich at least two corners have been truncated with corner sides. In yetanother embodiment, each corner of the modified triangle may have beentruncated with at least one corner side such that a first corner sidemay extend between first and second sidewalls, a second corner side mayextend between second and third sidewalls and a third corner side mayextend between first and third sidewalls.

In another embodiment, a cross-sectional shape of outer sidewallsforming the resonator chamber may form a modified rectangle in which atleast two corners have been truncated with corner sides. At least twocorners of the modified rectangle may have been truncated with at leastone corner side. Each corner of the modified rectangle may have beentruncated with at least one corner side such that a first corner sidemay extend between first and second sidewalls, a second corner side mayextend between second and third sidewalls, a third corner side mayextend between third and fourth sidewalls and a fourth corner side mayextend between first and fourth sidewalls. In at least one embodiment,at least one corner on at least one sidewall forming the resonatorchamber may be curved.

These and other advantages and objects will become apparent upon reviewof the detailed description of the invention set forth below.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part ofthe specification, illustrate embodiments of the presently disclosedinvention and, together with the description, disclose the principles ofthe invention.

FIG. 1 is partial cross-sectional side view of a combustors positionedwithin gas turbine engines.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side view of a combustor in the gas turbineengine taken as section line 2-2 in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a combustor liner with an acousticdamping resonator system.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a combustor in the gas turbine enginewith a conventional resonator.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional side view of a resonator of the acousticdamping resonator system shown together with a conventional resonatorwith a larger height taken along section line 5-5 in FIG. 3.

FIG. 6 is a perspective, cross-sectional view of resonator chamber ofthe acoustic damping resonator system taken along section line 6-6 inFIG. 3.

FIG. 7 is a perspective, cross-sectional view of another embodiment ofthe resonator chamber of the acoustic damping resonator system takenalong section line 6-6 in FIG. 3.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional side view of resonator chamber of theacoustic damping resonator system showing a reduced sized recirculationzone adjacent to and downstream of a resonator chamber, whereby a highheat transfer starting at a reattachment point is positioned closer tothe resonator than in conventional systems taken along section line 5-5in FIG. 3.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional side view of a conventional resonatorchamber.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional side view of a resonator chamber of theacoustic damping resonator system taken along section line 5-5 in FIG.3.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional side view of a conventional resonatorchamber.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional side view of a resonator chamber of theacoustic damping resonator system taken along section line 5-5 in FIG.3.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional side view of another embodiment of aresonator chamber of the acoustic damping resonator system taken alongsection line 5-5 in FIG. 3.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional side view of yet another embodiment of aresonator chamber of the acoustic damping resonator system taken alongsection line 5-5 in FIG. 3.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional top view of a conventional resonatorchamber.

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional top view of an embodiment of the resonatorchamber of the acoustic damping resonator system taken along sectionline 6-6 in FIG. 3.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional top view of another embodiment of theresonator chamber of the acoustic damping resonator system taken alongsection line 6-6 in FIG. 3.

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional top view of an embodiment of the resonatorchamber of the acoustic damping resonator system taken along sectionline 6-6 in FIG. 3.

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional top view of a conventional resonatorchamber.

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional top view of another embodiment of theresonator chamber of the acoustic damping resonator system taken alongsection line 6-6 in FIG. 3.

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional top view of yet another embodiment of theresonator chamber of the acoustic damping resonator system taken alongsection line 6-6 in FIG. 3.

FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional top view of another embodiment of theresonator chamber of the acoustic damping resonator system taken alongsection line 6-6 in FIG. 3.

FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional top view of still another embodiment of theresonator chamber of the acoustic damping resonator system taken alongsection line 6-6 in FIG. 3.

FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional top view of another embodiment of theresonator chamber of the acoustic damping resonator system taken alongsection line 6-6 in FIG. 3.

FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional top view of a conventional resonatorchamber.

FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional top view of another conventional resonatorchamber.

FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional top view of an embodiment of the resonatorchamber of the acoustic damping resonator system taken along sectionline 6-6 in FIG. 3.

FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional top view of another embodiment of theresonator chamber of the acoustic damping resonator system taken alongsection line 6-6 in FIG. 3.

FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional top view of yet another embodiment of theresonator chamber of the acoustic damping resonator system taken alongsection line 6-6 in FIG. 3.

FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional top view of another embodiment of theresonator chamber of the acoustic damping resonator system taken alongsection line 6-6 in FIG. 3.

FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional top view of still another embodiment of theresonator chamber of the acoustic damping resonator system taken alongsection line 6-6 in FIG. 3.

FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional top view of another embodiment of theresonator chamber of the acoustic damping resonator system taken alongsection line 6-6 in FIG. 3.

FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional top view of another embodiment of theresonator chamber of the acoustic damping resonator system taken alongsection line 6-6 in FIG. 3.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

As shown in FIGS. 1-3, 5-8, 10, 12-14, 16-18, 20-24 and 27-33, anacoustically dampened gas turbine engine 10 having a gas turbine enginecombustor 12 with an acoustic damping resonator system 14 is disclosed.The acoustic damping resonator system 14 may be formed from one or moreresonators 16 formed from a resonator housing 18 positioned within thegas turbine engine combustor 12 at an outer housing 20 forming acombustor basket 22 and extending circumferentially within the combustor12. In at least one embodiment, the resonator housing 18 may include oneor more resonator chambers 24 that provide enhanced cooling with reducedrisk of cracking and other damage. The resonator housing 18 may includeresonator exhaust orifices 26 that may be positioned closer to an areaof maximum temperature 28 within the combustor 12, thereby enabling theresonator 16 to reduce the temperature gradient within the combustor 12.The resonator housing 18 may be sized and configured to reduce stressfound in conventional systems by increasing distances between resonatorexhaust orifices 26 and between resonator inlet impingement orifices 30,among others.

In at least one embodiment, the acoustic damping resonator system 14 fora combustor 12 of a turbine engine 10 may include one or more resonatorhousings 18. The resonator housing 18 may extend for a portion of orentire around a combustor 12, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. In at least oneembodiment, the resonator housing 18 may define one or more innerchannels 32, as shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 5, with an inner surface 34 andan outer surface 36 on an opposite side of the resonator housing 18 fromthe inner surface 34. In at least one embodiment, the resonator housing18 may be generally cylindrical, thereby forming a ring with a singleinner channel 32 therein.

The acoustic damping resonator system 14 may include one or moreresonator chambers 24 extending radially outward from the resonatorhousing 18. The resonator chamber 24 may have any appropriate shape. Inat least one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 16-18, 22-24, 27, 32 and 33,the resonator chamber 24 may be shaped as a quadrilateral with asomewhat triangular shape, a rectangular shape, as shown in FIGS. 20-21and 31, or other appropriate shape. As shown in FIGS. 12-14, theresonator chamber 24 may be formed from an outer wall 38 that may besupported by one or more sidewalls 40, such as upstream sidewall 42 anddownstream sidewall 44. The resonator chamber 24 may include one or moreresonator inlet impingement orifices 30 in the outer wall 38 of theresonator chamber 24 and one or more resonator exhaust orifices 26extending through the resonator housing 18. The resonator exhaustorifice 26 extending through the resonator housing 18 may be offsetaxially upstream to place the resonator exhaust orifice 26 closer to anarea of maximum temperature within the combustor 12.

In at least one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, the resonator 16 may beshifted further in the upstream direction relative to the resonatorhousing 18 such that the resonator 16 is closer to an area of maximumtemperature within the combustor 12. In at least one embodiment, asshown in FIG. 14, the acoustic damping resonator system 14 may include aplurality of resonator exhaust orifices 26 that are positioned closer toan upstream wall 42 of the resonator chamber 24 than a downstream wall44 of the resonator chamber 24. As shown in FIGS. 6, 7, 17, 18 and 21,the resonator exhaust orifices 26 may be spaced further apart from eachother than in conventional systems, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 19 toreduce the likelihood of cracking in the resonator housing 18. Theplurality of resonator exhaust orifices 26 may be separated from eachother a distance equal to at least one and one half times a diameter ofa smallest diameter of the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices 26.In another embodiment, the resonator exhaust orifices 26 may beseparated from each other a distance equal to at least two times adiameter of a smallest diameter of the resonator exhaust orifices 26. Inat least one embodiment, the resonator exhaust orifices 26 may becollected into a pattern having a shape of a quadrilateral with asomewhat triangular shape as shown in FIGS. 16-18 and 22-24, which mayalso be described as being an inverted triangle with a point of thetriangle pointed downstream, a rectangular shape, as shown in FIGS.20-21, or other appropriate shape.

As shown in FIGS. 22-24 and 33, the acoustic damping resonator system 14may include one or more resonator inlet impingement orifices 30 that areoffset from the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices 26 such that atleast one of the plurality of resonator inlet impingement orifices 30 isradially aligned with the resonator housing 16 in which the plurality ofresonator exhaust orifices 26 are positioned such that cooling fluidsflowing into the resonator chamber 24 impinge on the resonator housing16. As shown in FIGS. 23-24 and 33, the resonator inlet impingementorifices 30 may form fewer rows 46 as rows 48 formed by the plurality ofresonator exhaust orifices 26. In another embodiment, as shown in FIGS.23-24, the resonator inlet impingement orifices 30 may form half as manyrows 46 as rows 48 formed by the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices26. The rows 46 formed by the plurality of resonator inlet impingementorifices 30 may extend circumferentially and may be aligned radiallybetween rows 48 of the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices 26beginning with a first upstream row 50 of resonator exhaust orifices 26and moving downstream. The rows 46 formed by the plurality of resonatorinlet impingement orifices 30 may be positioned closer to an upstreamsidewall 42 than a downstream sidewall 44 to increase efficiency. In atleast one embodiment, the plurality of resonator inlet impingementorifices 30 may form a first row 52 that has one fewer orifices 30 thana first row 50 of resonator exhaust orifices 50. As shown in FIG. 24,the plurality of resonator inlet impingement orifices 30 may form asecond row 54 downstream from the first row 52 of resonator inletimpingement orifices 30, whereby the second row 54 of resonator inletimpingement orifices 30 has at least two fewer orifices 30 than a secondrow 56 of resonator exhaust orifices 26. As shown in FIG. 24, the secondrow 54 of inlet impingement orifices 30 may skip a position in a middleof the second row 56 of resonator exhaust orifices 26.

In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 33, the plurality of resonatorinlet impingement orifices 30 may form a second row 54 downstream fromthe first row 52 of resonator inlet impingement orifices 30, whereby thesecond row 54 of resonator inlet impingement orifices 30 has at leastone additional orifice 30 than a first row 52 of resonator inletimpingement orifices 30. The second row 56 of resonator exhaust orifices26 may also include at least one additional resonator exhaust orifice 26compared to a first row 50 of resonator exhaust orifices 26. A third row58 of the resonator inlet impingement orifices 30 may have at least oneless orifice 30 than a second row 54 of resonator inlet impingementorifices 30. A third row 59 of the resonator exhaust orifices 26 mayhave at least one less orifice 26 than a second row 56 of resonatorexhaust orifices 26. The remaining rows of resonator inlet impingementorifices 30 and resonator exhaust orifices 26 may reduce in numbermoving downstream towards the downstream sidewall 44.

In at least one embodiment, the plurality of inlet impingement orifices30 may be separated from each other a distance equal to at least one andone half times a diameter of a smallest diameter of the plurality ofinlet impingement orifices 30. In another embodiment, the plurality ofinlet impingement orifices 30 may be separated from each other adistance equal to at least two times a diameter of a smallest diameterof the plurality of inlet impingement orifices 30.

In at least one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 5, 8, 27-32, the resonatorchamber 24 may be configured to increase cooling of the resonatorhousing 18 and the combustor 12 without increasing the amount of coolingair needed. In particular, the resonator chamber 24 may be reconfiguredto extend for a larger distance axially with a smaller radial height,thereby keeping the volume within the resonator chamber 24 relativelyunchanged in comparison to conventional systems but exposing a largeramount of surface area of the resonator housing 18 to cooling fluids. Inaddition, the resonator chamber 24 may extend further radially upstreamthan conventional systems, which enables the upstream sidewall 42 of theresonator chamber 24, resonator exhaust orifices 26 or resonator inletimpingement orifices 30, or any combination thereof, to be shiftedupstream and closer to an area of maximum temperature 28 within thecombustor 12. In at least one embodiment, a ratio of distance betweenthe outer wall 38 of the resonator chamber 24 and the resonator housing18 to a diameter of the resonator inlet impingement orifice 30 may bebetween about seven and about four. In another embodiment, the ratio ofdistance between the outer wall 38 of the resonator chamber 24 and theresonator housing 18 to the diameter of the resonator inlet impingementorifice 30 is about 6.5 in the middle of the resonator 16. By decreasingthe height of the resonator chamber 24, resonator 16 experiencesimproved cold side cooling downstream, in relation to the cold side flowdirection, of the resonators 16 because of formation of a smallerrecirculation zone adjacent to the sidewall 40 than in conventionalsystems. As such, a smaller low heat transfer region develops adjacentthe recirculation zone. Instead, the high heat transfer at thereattachment point develops closer to the resonator 16 than inconventional systems.

The outer wall 38 of the resonator chamber 24 may be configured toenhance the flow of cooling fluids through the resonator inletimpingement orifices 30 and enhance the impingement of cooling fluids onthe resonator housing 18 within the resonator chamber 24. In at leastone embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, the outer wall 38 of the resonatorchamber 24 may be thicker than conventional systems, as shown in FIG. 9,to increase the effectiveness of the resonator inlet impingementorifices 30. In at least one embodiment, the outer wall 38 may be sizedin thickness such that a ratio of a length of the at least one resonatorinlet impingement orifice 30 extending radially inward to a diameter ofthe resonator inlet impingement orifice 30 is greater than about 0.75.In another embodiment, the outer wall 38 may be sized in thickness suchthat a ratio of a length of the at least one resonator inlet impingementorifice 30 extending radially inward to a diameter of the resonatorinlet impingement orifice 30 is greater than about one.

In at least one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 5, 8, 27-32, the acousticdamping resonator system 14 may be configured such that the footprint ofthe resonator chamber 24 may be enlarged relative to conventionalresonators, yet prevent a maximum internal resonator dimension 60extending linearly within the resonator chamber 24 from being enlargedbeyond a point at which the resonator chamber 24 has a target cutofffrequency that is greater than an actual damping frequency. The shape ofthe resonator 16 may be adapted such that the maximum internal resonatordimension 60 is not increased in the same relation as the resonatorfootprint. With the adapted resonator shape, a shift of the cut offfrequency to higher frequencies is enabled, which ensures reliabledamping in the designed frequency range of the resonator 16. As such,the acoustic damping resonator system 14 may be formed from a resonatorhousing 18 with a one or more resonator chambers 24 as described above.A ratio of a distance between the outer wall 38 of the resonator chamber24 and the resonator housing 18 to a diameter of the resonator inletimpingement orifice 30 may be between about seven and about four. Asshown in FIGS. 29-31, a maximum internal resonator dimension 60extending linearly within the resonator chamber 24 may be increased lessthan 12 percent while a footprint of the resonator chamber 24 on theresonator housing 18 may have been enlarged by between 40 percent and100 percent relative to a resonator chamber 24 having a ratio of greaterthan eight of a distance between the outer wall 38 of a resonatorchamber 24 and a resonator housing 18 to a diameter of a resonator inletimpingement orifice 30. The resonator chamber 24 may have been enlargedand sized, as set forth above.

The acoustic damping resonator system 14 may include resonator chambers24 having numerous different shapes configured to prevent a maximuminternal resonator dimension 60 extending linearly within the resonatorchamber 24 from being enlarged beyond a point at which the resonatorchamber 24 has a target cutoff frequency that is greater than an actualdamping frequency. In at least one embodiment, a cross-sectional shapeof outer sidewalls 40 forming the resonator chamber 24 may form amodified parallelogram 66, as shown in FIG. 30, in which a maximuminternal resonator dimension 60 has been reduced via truncatedintersections 64. The truncated intersections 64 of the modifiedparallelogram 66 may be formed with a first corner side 68 at a firstintersection 70 and a second corner side 72 at a second intersection 74.The first corner side 68 may extend between first and second sidewalls76, 78 forming the modified parallelogram 66. The second corner side 72may extend between third and fourth sidewalls 80, 82 forming themodified parallelogram 66.

In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 29, a cross-sectional shape ofouter sidewalls 40 forming the resonator chamber 24 may form a modifiedtriangle 84 in which at least two corners 86 have been truncated withcorner sides 88. In at least one embodiment, each corner of the modifiedtriangle 84 may be truncated with at least one corner side 88 such thata first corner side 68 may extend between first and second sidewalls 76,78, a second corner side 72 may extend between second and thirdsidewalls 78, 80 and a third corner side 90 may extend between first andthird sidewalls 76, 80.

In yet another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 31, a cross-sectional shapeof outer sidewalls 40 forming the resonator chamber 24 may form amodified rectangle 92 in which at least two corners 86 have beentruncated with corner sides 88. At least two corners 86 of the modifiedrectangle 92 may have been truncated with one or more corner sides 88.In at least one embodiment, each corner 86 of the modified rectangle 92may have been truncated with at least one corner side 88 such that afirst corner side 68 may extend between first and second sidewalls 76,78, a second corner side 72 may extend between second and thirdsidewalls 78, 80, a third corner side 90 may extend between third andfourth sidewalls 80, 82 and a fourth corner side 94 may extend betweenfirst and fourth sidewalls 76, 82. In at least one embodiment, themodified rectangle 92 may have equal length sides and be a square.

As shown in FIG. 32, one or more corners 86 on one or more sidewalls 40forming the resonator chamber 24 may be curved. In at least oneembodiment, each corner 86 on each sidewall 40 forming the resonatorchamber 24 may be curved.

The foregoing is provided for purposes of illustrating, explaining, anddescribing embodiments of this invention. Modifications and adaptationsto these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art andmay be made without departing from the scope or spirit of this inventionor the following claims.

1-16. (canceled)
 17. An acoustic damping resonator system for acombustor of a turbine engine, comprising: at least one resonatorhousing defining at least one inner channel with an inner surface and anouter surface on an opposite side of the at least one resonator housingfrom the inner sur-face; at least one resonator chamber extendingradially outward from the at least one resonator housing, wherein the atleast one resonator chamber includes at least one resonator inletimpingement orifice in an outer wall of the at least one resonatorchamber and at least one resonator exhaust orifice extending through theat least one resonator housing; and wherein a ratio of distance betweenthe outer wall of the at least one resonator chamber and the at leastone resonator housing to a diameter of the at least one resonator inletimpingement orifice is between about seven and about four.
 18. Theacoustic damping resonator system of claim 17, wherein a maximuminternal resonator dimension extending linearly within the at least oneresonator chamber is increased less than 12 percent while a footprint ofthe at least one resonator chamber has been enlarged by between 40percent and 100 percent relative to a resonator chamber having a ratioof greater than eight of a distance between the outer wall of aresonator chamber and a resonator housing to a diameter of a resonatorinlet impingement orifice.
 19. The acoustic damping resonator system ofclaim 18, wherein a cross-sectional shape of outer sidewalls forming theat least one resonator chamber forms a modified parallelogram in which alongest diagonal direction has been reduced via truncated intersections.20. The acoustic damping resonator system of claim 18, wherein thetruncated intersections of the modified parallelogram are formed with afirst corner side at a first intersection and a second corner side at asecond intersection, wherein the first corner side extends between firstand second sidewalls forming the modified parallelogram and wherein thesecond corner side extends between third and fourth sidewalls formingthe modified parallelogram.
 21. The acoustic damping resonator system ofclaim 18, wherein a cross-sectional shape of outer sidewalls forming theat least one resonator chamber forms a modified triangle in which atleast two corners have been truncated with corner sides.
 22. Theacoustic damping resonator system of claim 21, wherein each corner ofthe modified triangle has been truncated with at least one corner sidesuch that a first corner side extends between first and secondsidewalls, a second corner side extends between second and thirdsidewalls and a third corner side extends between first and thirdsidewalls.
 23. The acoustic damping resonator system of claim 18,wherein a cross-sectional shape of outer sidewalls forming the at leastone resonator chamber forms a modified rectangle in which at least twocorners have been truncated with corner sides.
 24. The acoustic dampingresonator system of claim 23, wherein at least two corners of themodified rectangle have been truncated with at least one corner side.25. The acoustic damping resonator system of claim 24, wherein eachcorner of the modified rectangle have been truncated with at least onecorner side such that a first corner side extends between first andsecond sidewalls, a second corner side extends between second and thirdsidewalls, a third corner side extends between third and fourthsidewalls and a fourth corner side extends between first and fourthsidewalls.
 26. The acoustic damping resonator system of claim 18,wherein at least one corner on at least one sidewall forming the atleast one resonator chamber is curved.
 27. The acoustic dampingresonator system of claim 17, wherein the at least one resonator exhaustorifice extending through the at least one resonator housing is offsetaxially upstream to place the at least one resonator exhaust orificecloser to an area of maximum temperature within the combustor; whereinthe at least one resonator exhaust orifice comprises a plurality ofresonator exhaust orifices that are positioned closer to an upstreamwall of the at least one resonator chamber than a downstream wall of theat least one resonator chamber; wherein the at least one resonator inletimpingement orifice comprises a plurality of resonator inlet impingementorifices that are offset from the plurality of resonator exhaustorifices such that at least one of the plurality of resonator inletimpingement orifices is radially aligned with the at least one resonatorhousing in which the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices arepositioned such that cooling fluids flowing into the at least oneresonator chamber impinge on the at least one resonator housing.
 28. Theacoustic damping resonator system of claim 27, wherein the plurality ofresonator exhaust orifices are separated from each other a distanceequal to at least one and one half times a diameter of a smallestdiameter of the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices.
 29. Theacoustic damping resonator system of claim 27, wherein the plurality ofresonator inlet impingement orifices form half as many rows as rowsformed by the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices, and wherein therows formed by the plurality of resonator inlet impingement orificesextend circumferentially and are aligned radially between rows of theplurality of resonator exhaust orifices beginning with a first upstreamrow of resonator exhaust orifices and moving downstream.
 30. Theacoustic damping resonator system of claim 29, wherein the plurality ofresonator inlet impingement orifices form a first row that has one fewerorifices than a first row of resonator exhaust orifices and wherein theplurality of resonator inlet impingement orifices form a second rowdownstream from the first row of resonator inlet impingement orifices,whereby the second row of resonator inlet impingement orifices has twofewer orifices than a second row of resonator exhaust orifices.
 31. Theacoustic damping resonator system of claim 27, wherein the plurality ofinlet impingement orifices are separated from each other a distanceequal to at least one and one half times a diameter of a smallestdiameter of the plurality of inlet impingement orifices.
 32. Theacoustic damping resonator system of claim 27, wherein the outer wall issized in thickness such that a ratio of a length of the at least oneresonator inlet impingement orifice extending radially inward to adiameter of the at least one resonator inlet impingement orifice isgreater than one.
 33. An acoustic damping resonator system for acombustor of a turbine engine, comprising: at least one resonatorhousing defining at least one inner channel with an inner surface and anouter surface on an opposite side of the at least one resonator housingfrom the inner surface; at least one resonator chamber extendingradially outward from the at least one resonator housing, wherein the atleast one resonator chamber includes at least one resonator inletimpingement orifice in an outer wall of the at least one resonatorchamber and at least one resonator exhaust orifice extending through theat least one resonator housing; wherein a ratio of distance between theouter wall of the at least one resonator chamber and the at least oneresonator housing to a diameter of the at least one resonator inletimpingement orifice is between about seven and about four; wherein amaximum internal resonator dimension extending linearly within the atleast one resonator chamber is increased less than 12 percent while afootprint of the at least one resonator chamber has been enlarged bybetween 40 percent and 100 percent relative to a resonator chamberhaving a ratio of greater than eight of a distance between the outerwall of a resonator chamber and a resonator housing to a diameter of aresonator inlet impingement orifice; wherein the at least one resonatorexhaust orifice comprises a plurality of resonator exhaust orifices thatare positioned closer to an upstream wall of the at least one resonatorchamber than a downstream wall of the at least one resonator chamber;and wherein the at least one resonator inlet impingement orificecomprises a plurality of resonator inlet impingement orifices that areoffset from the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices such that atleast one of the plurality of resonator inlet impingement orifices isradially aligned with the at least one resonator housing in which theplurality of resonator exhaust orifices are positioned such that coolingfluids flowing into the at least one resonator chamber impinge on the atleast one resonator housing.
 34. The acoustic damping resonator systemof claim 33, wherein a cross-sectional shape of outer sidewalls formingthe at least one resonator chamber forms a modified parallelogram inwhich a longest diagonal direction has been reduced via truncatedintersections.
 35. The acoustic damping resonator system of claim 33,wherein a cross-sectional shape of outer sidewalls forming the at leastone resonator chamber forms a modified triangle in which at least twocorners have been truncated with corner sides.
 36. The acoustic dampingresonator system of claim 33, wherein a cross-sectional shape of outersidewalls forming the at least one resonator chamber forms a modifiedrectangle in which at least two corners have been truncated with cornersides.